Itchy eyes are a sensation of itchiness in one or both eyes, which can be due to a number of serious and common reasons. It can be a sign of infection or occur when irritants come into contact with the eyes and is mostly a harmless occurrence. Sometimes, it may also indicate a serious underlying health problem for which treatment from a healthcare provider may be necessary.
Itchy eyes, medically termed as 'ocular pruritus', are a very common occurrence involving irritation and itchiness in one or both eyes. They are usually caused by allergens or irritants when they come into contact with the eyes. Sometimes, they may be caused by a condition known as dry eye syndrome. Itchiness at the base of the eyelids, resulting in eyelid inflammation due to the eyelashes, may also lead to itchy eyes. Itchy eyes can mostly be treated at home or by visiting a healthcare provider who may prescribe certain medications to resolve the itch and irritation.
Itchy eyes may cause irritation in the eyes along with other symptoms and sensations in the eyes. These symptoms of itchy eyes may include the following:
Itchy eyes can be caused by exposure to allergens, irritants, and other substances, which can contribute to the itching sensation. It may occur due to a wide range of reasons, usually triggered by allergies that prompt the body to react and release histamine. This, in turn, causes dilation of the blood vessels in the eyes and leads to teary eyes. Itchy eyes can also be caused by various other factors, including:
Determining the underlying cause of eye irritation and itchiness is best done by a doctor who may perform specific tests to diagnose a condition or provide a diagnosis based on the overall symptoms.
When visiting the doctor for symptoms of itchy eyes, the doctor may either provide a diagnosis based on the symptoms alone or perform certain tests. These tests may include allergy tests and a close examination of the eyes. If there is pus or any other discharge, the doctor may take a sample for further examination under the microscope.
Treatment for itchy eyes depends on the underlying cause. Here are some general approaches to relieve itchy eyes:
The primary treatment for itchy eyes may involve placing a clean, cool washcloth on the affected eye(s) to provide relief or to clean away any pus or discharge. It is recommended to clean the hands with hand washing before touching the eyes to prevent the transfer of bacteria. In some cases, itchy eyes may resolve on their own without the need for medication.
If the symptoms of itchy eyes persist, it is advisable to visit a doctor to determine the underlying cause and begin appropriate treatment. If it is determined to be an allergic reaction, antihistamine medication may be prescribed. The doctor may also administer eye drops to flush out any irritants or allergens from the eyes.
In cases where itchy eyes are caused by other conditions such as conjunctivitis or blepharitis, the doctor may prescribe steroid medication to reduce inflammation and swelling. If itchy eyes are caused by a more serious condition such as an ulcer, surgery may be performed if deemed necessary by the treating doctor.
Itchy eyes can often be addressed at home before considering a visit to the doctor. The symptoms typically subside over time if the underlying cause is not serious.
When caring for the sensitive areas around or over the eyes, it is advisable not to rub the eyes, as doing so may exacerbate the itching and potentially cause damage to the eyes.
Itchy eyes are a very common occurrence and often clear up on their own without requiring any treatment or medication. However, sometimes they may not improve with medications and proper care or may indicate an underlying problem. In such cases, it may be necessary to visit a doctor. Such circumstances may include:
Itchy eyes can often be prevented by practicing certain habits at home and when outdoors.
Itchy eyes are a common problem often caused by allergic reactions or contact with irritants. They typically resolve on their own without the need for medication. However, if the symptoms persist or are accompanied by other symptoms, it may be necessary to visit a doctor.
Itchy eyes are often not serious and are likely to be caused by infection, irritation, or allergens. They usually clear up on their own after some time.
Itchy eyes due to an infection, such as conjunctivitis, may last two to three days up to a week, while those caused by allergens may last almost 8 weeks, typically throughout the allergy season.
Itchy eyes may be a symptom of an allergy to any food, medicine, or other substances, including chemicals, jewelry, etc. Symptoms may reduce when contact with the substance is removed.
References:
https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/amp/article/itchy-eyes