When it comes to health screenings, a colonoscopy might not top your list of priorities, but perhaps it should. Colon cancer, often dubbed the 'silent killer,' is largely preventable with timely detection and intervention. Yet, misconceptions and unnecessary fear keep many from taking this life-saving step. We spoke to Dr Akash Chaudhary, Clinical Director and Senior Consultant, Medical Gastroenterology, CARE Hospitals, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, who shed light on why regular colonoscopies matter and how they can help prevent and treat colon cancer.

The Preventable Nature of Colon Cancer

“Colon cancer develops slowly from harmless polyps inside the colon or rectum. Over time, some polyps transform malignantly. Screening catches and removes precancerous polyps before that critical point. Addressing changes early foils cancer completely,” said Dr Chaudhary.

Statistics spotlight colon cancer as a top global cancer. However, when found early, five-year survival exceeds 90%. This stark difference underscores regular colonoscopy's importance, especially, as stated by the National Cancer Institute.

What is a Colonoscopy?

“A colonoscopy utilises a thin, lighted tube (colonoscope) manoeuvred through the colon and rectum by a physician. It identifies irregularities, removes polyps, and obtains biopsies if needed,” said Dr Chaudhary. Though intimidating in concept, modern techniques make the procedure safer, swifter and more soothing than before.

According to the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), a colonoscopy helps doctors identify the underlying causes of symptoms, including bleeding from the anus, changes in bowel movements, such as diarrhoea, abdominal pain, or unexplained weight loss.

Who Should Get Screened?

“Guidelines suggest that individuals with an average risk begin screening at age 45. Those with a family or personal colon cancer history, Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBS) or other risks may need earlier screening. Also, symptoms like rectal bleeding, weight loss, abdominal discomfort or bowel changes merit prompt gastroenterology consultation,” explained Dr Chaudhary.

Common Misconceptions Debunked

Fear and misinformation are among the top reasons people avoid colonoscopies. Dr Chaudhary addresses some common myths:

Myth: Colonoscopies are painful

Fact: The procedure is typically performed under sedation, ensuring comfort.

Myth: “I don’t have symptoms, so I don’t need one”

Fact: Early-stage colon cancer often has no symptoms, making regular screening essential.

Myth: It’s only for older people

Fact: Rising cases among younger individuals highlight the need for awareness and timely screening.

How Colonoscopies Save Lives

“The life-saving potential of colonoscopies lies in their ability to catch cancer early or prevent it entirely. By identifying precancerous polyps, gastroenterologists can remove them before they become more serious. This proactive approach significantly reduces both the incidence and mortality rates associated with colon cancer,” said Dr Chaudhary.

Moreover, the procedure can detect other gastrointestinal conditions, such as Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis, offering a comprehensive view of colon health.

Preparing for Your Colonoscopy

Preparation involves dietary modifications and a bowel-cleansing regimen to ensure the colon is clear for examination. While this step may be inconvenient, it is a small price to pay for safeguarding your health. Your healthcare provider will walk you through the process and address your concerns.

According to a 2016 study, a low-residue diet the day before a colonoscopy seems to offer greater benefits for patients and is recommended for outpatient procedures. However, inpatient procedures use a clear liquid diet to achieve optimal bowel preparation.

Bottomline

Dr Chaudhary concluded, “Colon cancer is largely preventable, yet its incidence remains high due to delayed or missed screenings. A colonoscopy is not just a diagnostic tool but a preventive measure that can save lives. As someone who has witnessed the transformative impact of early detection, I urge you to embrace colonoscopies as an essential part of your health journey. Remember, prevention is always better than cure.”

Reference Link

https://www.onlymyhealth.com/how-can-colonoscopy-prevent-colon-cancer-know-myths-and-facts-12977822758