Venlafaxine

Venlafaxine

Venlafaxine, a powerful antidepressant, has gained attention for its dual action on mood and stress. This drug works by affecting brain chemicals linked to mental health, offering hope to those struggling with depression and anxiety.

Let us explore what venlafaxine is and how it is used. We will look at the different forms of venlafaxine tablets, venlafaxine 75 mg uses and venlafaxine 150 mg uses, and the right way to take them. 

What is Venlafaxine?

Venlafaxine is a powerful antidepressant that belongs to a class of medicines known as selective serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs). This medication increases serotonin and norepinephrine levels in the brain, which helps maintain mental balance.

The drug comes in two forms: immediate-release tablets and extended-release capsules. The extended-release version was introduced in 1997 and is often prescribed for long-term treatment. Venlafaxine can be used as a standalone treatment or as part of combination therapy with other medications, depending on the patient's specific needs and condition.

Venlafaxine Tablet Uses

Venlafaxine tablets have a range of approved and off-label uses. The FDA-approved venlafaxine uses are: 

• Major depressive disorder
• Generalised anxiety disorder (GAD)
• Social anxiety disorder
• Panic disorder 

The following are some off-label uses of venlafaxine: 

• Attention deficit disorder
• Fibromyalgia
• Complex pain syndromes
• Hot flashes associated with menopause
• Migraine prevention
• Post-traumatic stress disorder
• Obsessive-compulsive disorder
• Premenstrual dysphoric disorder
• Neuropathic pain

How to Use Venlafaxine Tablet

• Venlafaxine tablets should be taken with food in the morning or evening at about the same time each day. 
• Venlafaxine dose is based on the medical condition and treatment response. 
• It is important to follow your doctor's instructions carefully and consult them before stopping or altering your dosage. 
• Keep taking venlafaxine regularly, even if you feel well, as it may take several weeks to notice the full benefits. 
• If you miss a dose, take it as soon as possible, but skip it if it is almost time for your next dose. Never double up on doses.

Side Effects of Venlafaxine Tablet

Venlafaxine, like all medicines, can cause side effects in some people. Common side effects include:

• Nausea
• Sweating
• Headaches
• Dry mouth
• Dizziness
• Sleepiness 
• Blurred vision
• Chest pain
• Changes in heart rate
• Frequent yawning

Rarely, serious side effects can occur, such as: 

• Hallucination
• Seizures
• Loss of coordination
• Severe vomiting or diarrhoea
• Chronic cough
• Fever
• Severe muscle stiffness
• Problems with urination
• Changes in sexual function
• Weight changes 
• Constipation 

Precautions

• Medication History: Before taking venlafaxine, inform your doctor about any allergies or medications you are using. This includes over-the-counter drugs and herbal supplements. Venlafaxine may interact with certain medicines, especially monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs). 
• Alcohol: It is essential to avoid alcohol while on this medication, as it can increase drowsiness and affect your ability to think clearly. 
• Medical Conditions: Inform your treating doctor about your medical history, especially if you have a history of glaucoma, seizure disorder, bleeding disorders, heart ailments, liver disease, or kidney disease. Venlafaxine can raise blood pressure, so regular checks are necessary. It may also increase the risk of bleeding, especially if you are taking blood thinners or NSAIDs. 
• Dizziness: Avoid driving or operating machinery under the effect of medicine, as the drug can cause dizziness. 
• Pregnancy and Lactation: Pregnant or breastfeeding mothers should discuss the risks & benefits with their doctor. 
• Elderlies: Older adults may be more sensitive to side effects, particularly low sodium levels in the blood.

How Venlafaxine Tablet Works

Venlafaxine, a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI), works by raising serotonin & norepinephrine levels in the brain. It blocks the transport proteins that normally reabsorb these neurotransmitters, leaving more of them available in the synapse. This mechanism influences mood regulation and mental well-being.

At lower doses, venlafaxine primarily affects serotonin reuptake. As the dose increases, it also begins to impact norepinephrine reuptake. In high doses, it can even have a weak effect on dopamine reuptake. This graduated action allows for tailored treatment of various conditions.

Venlafaxine's mechanism goes beyond just neurotransmitter regulation. It also affects brain-derived neurotrophic factors, promoting neuroplasticity and reducing neuroinflammation. These effects may contribute to its effectiveness in treating depression and anxiety disorders.

Can I Take Venlafaxine with Other Medicines?

Venlafaxine can interact with various medications, including: 

• Antidepressants
• Antihistamines like cetirizine, diphenhydramine
• Antiplatelet drugs such as clopidogrel
• Blood thinners like warfarin
• Drugs for sleep and anxiety, such as alprazolam, zolpidem, and lorazepam
• Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) 
• Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as naproxen, ibuprofen
• Opioid cough and pain relievers
• Triptans
• St. John's wort

Additionally, individuals should avoid alcohol while using venlafaxine as it can intensify drowsiness. Always talk to your clinician before starting or stopping any medication while taking venlafaxine to ensure safe and effective treatment.

Dosing Information

Venlafaxine dosing varies based on the condition and the patient's response. 

For depression, adults start with 75 mg daily, either as a single dose or divided. The dose may be increased gradually, with a maximum of 225 mg daily for outpatients and 375 mg daily for severely depressed inpatients. 

For anxiety disorders, the doctor may start with a dose of 75 milligrams once daily, with a maximum of 225 mg daily.

Conclusion

Venlafaxine stands out as a versatile medication, offering relief for those grappling with depression & anxiety disorders. Its unique mechanism, which involves boosting serotonin and norepinephrine levels in the brain, influences mood regulation and mental well-being. While it is an effective treatment option, it is important to remember that venlafaxine, like any medication, comes with potential side effects & interactions that need careful consideration.

For anyone considering or currently using venlafaxine, open communication with a doctor is key. They can offer guidance on proper dosing, help monitor for side effects, and make necessary adjustments to the treatment plan. By understanding how venlafaxine works and following prescribed guidelines, patients can maximise its benefits while minimising risks, potentially leading to improved mental health and quality of life.

FAQs

1. Who cannot take venlafaxine?

Venlafaxine is not suitable for everyone. People with uncontrolled hypertension, a high risk of serious ventricular arrhythmia, or those under 18 years old should avoid this medication. Individuals with a history of seizures or glaucoma or those who have recently used monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) should also not take venlafaxine. Pregnant women who are breastfeeding should consult their doctors before using this medication.

2. Is venlafaxine a sleeping pill?

No, venlafaxine is not a sleeping pill. It is an antidepressant used to treat depression & anxiety disorders. While it may cause drowsiness in some people, its primary purpose is not to induce sleep.

3. Is it OK to take venlafaxine at night?

Venlafaxine can be taken at night, especially if it causes drowsiness. However, many people prefer taking it in the morning. The extended-release version is taken once daily, either in the morning or evening. 

4. What should not be eaten with venlafaxine?

While there are no specific dietary restrictions with venlafaxine, it is best to avoid alcohol as it can increase drowsiness and other side effects. You should also avoid St. John's Wort herbal supplement due to the risk of serotonin syndrome. It is recommended to take venlafaxine with food to help prevent nausea, a common side effect.

5. Is venlafaxine bad for your liver?

Venlafaxine can cause transient asymptomatic elevations in serum aminotransferase levels and has been associated with rare instances of clinically apparent acute liver injury. However, these cases are usually self-limiting and resolve within a few months. Patients with pre-existing liver conditions should inform their doctor before starting venlafaxine.

6. What happens if I miss a dose?

If you miss a dose of venlafaxine, take it as soon as you remember, but not with the next scheduled dose. Never double the dosage to make up for a missed dose.

7. What should I avoid while taking venlafaxine?

While taking venlafaxine, avoid alcohol and cannabis. Be cautious when driving a vehicle, as this medication can cause dizziness or drowsiness. Avoid abruptly stopping venlafaxine without consulting your doctor, as this can lead to withdrawal symptoms. Also, be aware that venlafaxine may increase the chance of bleeding, so inform your doctor if you are taking blood thinners or NSAIDs.