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Updated on 25 March 2024
Swollen lymph nodes, also known as lymphadenopathy, are a common occurrence that can be indicative of various underlying health issues. These tiny, oval-shaped structures are essential for the body’s immune system as they filter substances that can be harmful or toxic. The neck, armpits, and groyne are just a few of the body regions where lymph nodes may be located. They are connected by lymphatic vessels which carry the lymph in different parts of the body. Enlargement of these nodes or lymph gland swelling often serves as a sign that the immune system is responding to an infection, injury, or other medical conditions.
Lymph nodes are part of the lymphatic system, which is a network of vessels and nodes that transport a fluid called ‘lymph’ throughout the body. Lymph nodes are found around the body in different parts like, under the neck, head, arms, and the groyne. They act in the capacity of filters, filtering out bacteria, viruses and other pathogens before they have a chance to access secondary parts of your body. Lymph gland swelling is characterised by swelling of these small lumps, which are usually inflamed due to an infection somewhere in the body. While they are commonly associated with infections, other underlying health issues can also lead to lymph node swelling.
Your body's network of organs, veins, and lymph nodes is known as your lymphatic system. Your head and neck region are home to a large number of lymph nodes. You may observe the following symptoms when you have swollen lymph nodes in the neck:
You may also have the following signs and symptoms in addition to your enlarged lymph nodes, depending on the cause:
Small, spherical, or bean-shaped cell collections are called lymph nodes. Lymph nodes include a variety of different immune system cell types. These specialised cells guard you by eliminating intruders and filtering lymphatic fluid as it passes through your body. Any infection, bacterial, viral, or fungal infections, is the most frequent cause of lymph node swelling. Additional reasons why lymph nodes might swell are as follows:
If you don't treat the infection causing your enlarged lymph nodes, an abscess could form. Abscesses are small, locally concentrated pus collections caused by infections. Pus is composed of fluid, dead tissue, white blood cells, and bacteria or other intruders. For an abscess, drainage and antibiotic treatment can be required. Other complications are:
Your doctor may require the following to determine the possible cause of your enlarged lymph nodes:
After the viral infection goes away, swollen lymph nodes that were caused by it typically become normal again. For viral infections, antibiotics are of no use. Depending on the reason, different causes of enlarged lymph nodes require various swollen lymph nodes treatments. Treating the underlying cause is key to resolving swollen lymph nodes.
While mild and transient lymph node swelling is often a normal part of the body's immune response, certain signs warrant prompt medical attention:
Swollen lymph nodes are a common response to infections and other health conditions, serving as a valuable indicator of the body's immune activity. While many cases resolve on their own or with simple treatments, persistent or severe symptoms require professional evaluation. Certain cancers, such lymphoma, leukaemia, and breast cancer, can cause swelling in the lymph nodes. It is advisable to get medical attention if you have concerns about enlarged lymph nodes, particularly if the swelling continues or if you have other concerning symptoms.
Ans. You should be concerned about a swollen lymph node if it persists for more than two weeks, grows rapidly, feels hard or immobile, or is accompanied by symptoms such as persistent fever, unexplained weight loss, or other concerning signs. Seeking prompt medical attention is advisable in such cases.
Ans. The primary cause of swollen lymph nodes is an immune system response to infections, including bacterial, viral, or fungal infections. Other factors such as inflammatory conditions, cancers, medications, or trauma near lymph nodes can also contribute to their enlargement.
Ans. Swollen lymph nodes are often a normal response of the body to infections or other health conditions and may not be serious. However, persistent, rapidly growing, or hard nodes, especially when accompanied by additional symptoms, may indicate a more serious underlying issue, warranting medical evaluation.
Ans. Occasional swelling of lymph nodes is a normal and common response to infections or other immune system activity. However, persistent, prolonged, or severe swelling, especially with accompanying symptoms, may indicate an underlying issue and should be evaluated by a healthcare professional.
Ans. The duration of swollen lymph nodes varies based on the underlying cause. Infections typically lead to temporary swelling that resolves within a few weeks, while persistent or worsening swelling may require medical attention for further evaluation and treatment.
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